Urban environments face significant challenges in managing stormwater runoff, which can lead to flooding, water pollution, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems.

Hospital-acquired infections pose significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, with Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) being one of the most concerning pathogens.

Vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue, Zika, and Lyme disease, pose significant public health challenges globally.

Cryptosporidium is a genus of protozoan parasites that cause a diarrheal disease called cryptosporidiosis.

Ocean acidification results from increased carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. As CO₂ levels rise, a substantial portion is absorbed by the world's oceans, leading to a series of chemical reactions that decrease the pH of seawater, making it more acidic.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is rapidly becoming a transformative tool in the field of environmental monitoring, particularly in assessing water quality.

Climate change is fundamentally altering global weather patterns, leading to shifts in temperature, precipitation, and humidity levels.

Urbanization, the process by which populations move from rural to urban areas, has profoundly reshaped human societies over the past century.

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), also known as real-time PCR, has transformed the landscape of molecular biology since its inception.

Library preparation is a critical step in next-generation sequencing (NGS) that transforms DNA or RNA samples into a format suitable for sequencing. 

Aquaponics represents the integration of aquaculture (fish farming) and hydroponics (soilless plant culture) into a single system.

Food recall systems ensure that contaminated or defective food products are swiftly removed from the market to prevent harm to consumers.

Foodborne outbreaks pose significant public health challenges worldwide, often causing illness, hospitalizations, and even fatalities.

In recent years, the term "Contaminants of Emerging Concern" (CECs) has gained prominence in environmental science and public health discourse.

Food safety is a critical global concern, with millions of people affected by foodborne illnesses every year.

Wastewater-Based Epidemiology (WBE) is a scientific approach that analyzes wastewater and sewage to gather insights into public health trends within communities.

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a rare but serious eye infection caused by Acanthamoeba spp., free-living amoebae commonly found in water sources such as tap water, swimming pools, hot tubs, and soil.

Ice machines provide a refreshing staple that many people rely on daily. However, these machines can harbor various microorganisms if not properly maintained, posing significant health risks.

Constructed wetlands are marvels of ecological engineering, mimicking natural wetland ecosystems to treat wastewater and restore environmental balance.

Naegleria fowleri, commonly referred to as the "Brain-Eating Amoeba," is a rare but deadly microorganism found in warm freshwater environments worldwide.